System for multiple transmission and reception



April 7, 1936. A. MONTANI 2,036,350

SYSTEM FOR MULTIPLE TRANSMISSION [IND RECEPTION Filed Feb. 21, 1933 iiesauavcv 29 d 23 (r-w 4341 g d Patented Apr. 7, 1936 PATENT OFFICE} SYSTEM FOR MULTIPLE TRANSMISSION ANDRE Angelo Montani, Genoa, Italy Application February 21, 1933, No. 657,908 In Italy April 16, 1932 1 Claim. (Gl- 17915) The present invention has for its object to utilize in a new manner valves of known types for transmitting and receiving installations, and it has as a result the industrial efiect that it is possible to effect various transmissions and re-' ceptions simultaneously and distinctly with a single transmitting-receiving station, with a. sin-j gle receiving-transmitting station and with a single transmitting means (which in the wireless transmission plants is constituted by the ether).

The valves that are utilized according to the present invention may be those having more than one plate and in which the stream coming from the filament receives a continuous displacement. In place of one of such valves, it is also possible to employ a pair of common valves the filaments of which emit radiations that strike the plates alternately.

The utilization of these special valves or of these pairs of common valves permits of fitting a station with a certain number of transmittingreceiving means (telephones, microphones, picture apparatus, and the like), of employing a single current conductor, a single emission, radiation conductor, and the like (in this case the transmitting-receiving station is provided with a common aerial and the conductor is constituted by the ether), and of providing the corresponding station with as many receiving-transmitting devices (telephones, microphones, picture apparatus, and the like) as were the aforesaid transmitting-receiving means, which can be utilized simultaneously, while also simultaneously the different transmissions'of sounds, pictures, and the like will be received distinctly, separately and without superposition.

The above result is attained:

(1) By providing each transmitting-receiving station with various plates of ionic valves, located either inside a single bulb or inside several bulbs.

(2) By adopting at each station one or various ionic streams (orone or more cathodic streams) which strike such plates one at a time and with a determined sequence.

(3) By adopting devices such that the law on which the phenomenon according to which the stream or streams strikes or strike the plates of one station shall be identical with the law on which the stream or streams strikes or strike the plates of the other station.

(4) By inserting after each plate one of the transmitting and receiving apparatus of the stations thus obtaining that the stream or streams aforesaid may complete the circuits of the said apparatus.

In this manner the movable stream of the transmitting or receiving stationwill serve to successively close the various circuits passing through the different transmitting or receiving apparatus enabling the latter to function one 5 after the other within a predetermined period of time; as the movable stream will successively close, with the same period of time, a corresponding number of circuits at the receiving or transmitting station, each of which circuits passes by one of the receiving or transmitting apparatus, the receiving apparatus function one after the other, with the same determined law of time, and each of them will receive successive impulses whereby it will be put into action.

From the foregoing it follows that the frequency or period of the phenomenon set up by the stream or streams of the two stations respectively, must be so selected that, in spite of the aforesaid continuous interruption of transmission and reception, the latter may be carried out in a convenient manner, by utilizing the inertia of the receiving apparatus as well as the phenomenon of the persistence of the impressions on the human organs. 25

In the embodiment illustrated the circuits for operating the oscillations are on their turn operated by oscillating devices which have the same frequency and are independent of one another.

The present invention is illustrated, only by way of example, in the annexed drawing in which:-

Fig. 1 is a diagram of a valve provided with various plates as it may be employed, according to the present invention, either at the trans- 35 mitting or at the receiving station.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of a station equipped for five telephonic apparatus working successively, each of them capable either of transmitting or of receiving,

Fig. 3 shows the corresponding receivingtransmitting station.

Figs. 4 and 5 show respectively the transmitting and the receiving station for the case where it may be necessary to transmit and to receive 45 simultaneously sounds and pictures with radio waves.

Figs. 6 and 7 show how the same general principle of the previous figures, can be realized in practice with a pair of usual ionic valves. As the system can evidently be repeated,

Fig. 8 shows how two of the aforesaid fundamental elements, for instance two valves each provided with a plurality of plates, can be connected in series. 55

which, by means of a circuit including the mnstream is socontrolled as to cause it to accome second).

with particular reference tothe special valve illustrated in Fig. 1,' to denote five plates contained the bulb l in. which the flllw ment 1 islocated, said filament mentioued the apparatus 23' and "2,3"Will funcw with the circuit the battery I. The bulb'also contains two electrodes 8, and a condenser ductors lland l2, compelsthe electron stream I dulum, so as 60 connect the filament I succes-w 'The pendular motion of the said electronic plish a complete oscillation within adetermined I period of timelfor instance within 1:20.000of For this purpose the conductors ll and i2 are connected to an oscillating circuit in thegrld circuit in which a crystal l8 is inter- I I having a determined frequency which, for the.

' reason specified hereinafter, is adjustable. I I 1 1 I Do this end, the inductance'ltFig z is ex- :secondinvarlable; 0 is the batteryconnected:

-' -An apparatus 23 pIate ..5 by means of a. conductor.

positive pole of. a high tension battery 29' the.

negative pole of which is connectedgthrougha svinding 30 with the movablecontact 3| of a "are of common use, such as, for instance, the

I potentiometer having an adjustment resistance 32 set in parallel with thebatterytofthe filament .1. The other parts indicated in Fig. .2

oscillating valve 32. The 3|) constitutes theprimary of a transfonner 34 the secondary of which for the transmission, in a" suitable manner, of the successive impulses that pass successively through the circuits (I8, 23, 28), (I9, 24, 28), (20, 25, 28), (2|, 28, 28) (22, 21, 28), (2|, 28, 28), etc.

Fig. 3 is constituted by the same parts as those of Fig. 2 and like parts are designated by the same reference numerals primed with a the apparatus 23', 24', 25', 28' and 21' being, in this case, telephonic apparatus. In order to insure regular working, as aimed at by the invention, the two crystals l8 and It must give and keep the same frequency and the two oscillations must be exactly timed, which can be obtained by known means.

Considering the case illustrated in the figure, i. e. that the bulb 6 of the transmitting station contains five plates and assuming the oscillating circuit piloted by the crystal I to secure 20,000 oscillations per second, it may occur that each plate remains under the influence of the stream coming from the filament 'I over a period of time equal to 1:160.000 of a second. Considering one of these periods, for instance, that during which the stream strikes plate 4 at the station illustrated in Fig. 2, the circuit including the telephonic apparatus 26 will remain closed through said stream. If, according to the assumption made, the valve 6' is identical with the valve 6 and it is so regulated that within the space of time aforesaid the stream from the filament 'I' strikes the plate 4' for the same space of time, the circuit including the apparatus 26 will remain closed through said stream, which apparatus 26' will then coact with the apparatus 26. In the small space of time of 1:160.000 of second immediately following, the apparatus 25 aoaasco I I and apparatus 25' will. function: inthe further smallspace of time of equal i I i i value the apparatus 24 and 24', will functiontime following the last tion andyin order that this duration may. be

:equaltothe previous ones, theplates land I" (located at the ends in the arrangement) must I I I I portions for the successive functioning of the,

apparatus connected to, the plates l, 2, 3, 4, 5, ,4,

. Figures 4 and 5 show,in'analogy with what is, i

: shown in 2 and 3, a case where .anapparatus 23!, connected to a photoelectric. cell 36 and an apparatus 24 connected to a microphone 21 can function simultaneously and transmit simultaneously soundsand pictures by: meansof .atransforznermnd usual related apparatus) the primary of which is, indicatedby 30 forthis different. transmission the dimensions of the plates i and 2" of the valve 6 Fig. 4, can be 7 i different, each of them in relation with the requirements .of the apparatus whose circuit they I I are. designed to close. 'In'this viemparts cor-. I

responding with those above described are indisoit cated by the same numerals with the exponent I I m" added. Figure '5 shows plifier, "the antenna; 40 'the'earth, 23, Fig. 5,

the apparatus for the reception of. the, images,

and 24 theapparatus for the reception of the I sounds. 'In this figure eorrespondingparts are identified by the exponent b.

The arrangement illustrated'inFigures 4 and 5 and which utilizes a valve with two plates and oscillating stream either at the transmitting or at the receiving station, can also be carried out in the arrangements illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, where pairs of usual ionic valves are used both at the transmitting and the receiving station; in fact the transmitting station embodies valves 4| and 42 the plates of which are indicated (in analogy with what has been illustrated in the previous figures) by and 2, while their grids are indicated by 43. The filament of the valve 4| is indicated by 1-4l, that of the valve 42 by 1-42; the other parts shown in the Figure 6 similar with those indicated in the Figures 2 and 4 are indicated by the same reference numbers with the exponent "c. This also applies to the different parts of Fig. '7, where the numbers are also the same but having the exponent d added. The oscillating circuit (Figures 6 and '7) changes alternately the potential to the grids 43 and permits of closing alternately the circuit of the plate or I and of the plate 2 or 2, as in the case of Figure 4.

Though for descriptive reasons the present invention has been based on the foregoing and on what is illustrated in the annexed drawing, many modifications and additions can be made, such as, for instance, that illustrated, in principle, in Figure 8; this figure relates to the case of two special valves, as the one illustrated in Fig. 1, and placed in series, particularly the second valve being in series on one of the plates of the first valve. The second valve should have an oscillation period of its stream in convenient relation with the oscillation period of the stream of In a system for distinct multiple transmission and reception, a plurality of electron discharge the valve 8, and for this purpose the oscillating circuit of the armatures 44, will present an inductance l6 conveniently excited by the inductance i1 01' the heterodyne 48. In this figure, parts corresponding with those above described are provided with the exponent e.

It will be understood that a similar arrangement maybe arranged at the receiving station.

Such an arrangement in series of two valves can be efl'ected either with the special valves according to Fig. 1 or with the pairs of valves according to Figures 6 and '7.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature or the present invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, what is declared to be claimed is:

devices each oi. said devices including a tube, a filament therein adapted to emit electron streams, and a plurality of plates associated with 5 the filament, circuits connected with said plates, oscillating devices for controlling the emission of electrons from the respective filaments to the respective plates associated therewith, the oscillating device associated with one tube having a 10 lower frequency than the other, device, one of the plates 01' one of the electron discharge devices being connected with the filament of the other electron discharge device.

ANGELO MONTANI. 

